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|a Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States (PIRUS), 1948-2014
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|a These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed. The Empirical Assessment of Domestic Radicalization (EADR) project seeks to provide practitioners, researchers, and the public with an empirical foundation for understanding the radicalization processes of United States-based extremists. Project researchers utilized a mixed-method, nested approach to explore a number of key research questions related to radicalization, including: <ul> <li>what are the demographic, background, and radicalization differences between and within the different ideological milieus?</li> <li>are there important contextual, personal, ideological, or experiential differences between radicals who commit violent acts and those who do not?</li> <li>is it possible to identify sufficient pathways to violent extremism?</li> <li>are the causal mechanisms highlighted by extant theories of radicalization supported by empirical evidence?</li> </ul> To address these questions, EADR researchers built the largest known database on individual radicalization in the United States: Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States (PIRUS). The database includes 147 variables covering demographic, background, group affiliation, and ideological information for a sample of 1,473 violent and non-violent extremists who radicalized in the United States from 1948-2014. The database is not limited to a particular ideological milieu, but instead contains information on individuals who adhere(d) to far right, far left, Islamist, and single-issue ideologies The collection includes 5 SPSS datasets and 2 SPSS syntax files: <ul> <li>PIRUS_full_dataset_ICPSR_archive.sav (n=1,473; 113 variables)</li> <li>PIRUS_expected_maximization_version.sav (n=16,203; 27 variables)</li> <li>PIRUS_fixed_value_imputation_version.sav (n=1,473; 27 variables)</li> <li>PIRUS_regression_based_imputation_version.sav (n=16,203; 28 variables)</li> <li>PIRUS_subgroup_mean_substitution_version.sav (n=1,473; 27 variables)</li> <li>quantitative_analysis_syntax.sps</li> <li>variable_prep_syntax.sps</li> </ul>
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| 540 |
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|a ICPSR Terms of Use
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| 650 |
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4 |
|a Extremism
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| 650 |
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4 |
|a Radicalism
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| 650 |
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|a Terrorist attacks
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| 650 |
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|a terrorist profiles
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| 650 |
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|a terrorist threat
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| 650 |
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|a Violence
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7 |
|a Forschungsdaten
|0 (DE-588)1098579690
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Armstrong, Gaylene
|t Characteristics of Homegrown Violent Extremist Radicalization
|d National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events, 2019
|w (DE-627)191247624X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Duggan, James M.
|t A Comparative Analysis of Constraining Factors Influencing Engagement in Nonviolent versus Violent Political Extremism in the United States
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Massachusetts, Lowell, 2022
|w (DE-627)1912485788
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Becker, Michael H.
|t A comparative study of initial involvement in gangs and political extremism
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912486202
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Aryaeinejad, Kateira
|t Comparing Individuals Who Engage in Violent Extremism and Similar Acts: What Research Sponsored by the National Institute of Justice Tells Us
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : National Institute of Justice, 2024
|w (DE-627)1912486660
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t Contextualizing disengagement: How exit barriers shape the pathways out of far-right extremism in the United States
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912491524
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Becker, Michael H.
|t Control, Learning, and Vulnerability: An Interactional Approach to Engagement in Violent Extremism
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Maryland, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912492113
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a LaFree, Gary, 1951 -
|t Correlates of violent political extremism in the United States
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)1912494280
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Carson, Jennifer V.
|t Definitions favorable to terrorism? SSSL and radicalization: A case study approach
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)1912507269
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Sahani, Shradha
|t Examining the Association Between Social Media and Violent Extremism: A Social Learning Approach
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Maryland, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912545721
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Holt, Thomas J., 1978 -
|t Examining the utility of social control and social learning in the radicalization of violent and non-violent extremists
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)1912548127
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Youngblood, Mason
|t Extremist Ideology as a Complex Contagion: The Spread of Far-Right Radicalization in the United States Between 2005-2017
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2020
|w (DE-627)191255352X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Guarrieri, Thomas R.
|t Extremists and unconventional weapons: Examining the pursuit of chemical and biological agents
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912553538
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Wolfowicz, Michael
|t A field-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of putative risk and protective factors for radicalization outcomes
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912559013
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t Final Report: Empirical Assessment of Domestic Radicalization (EADR)
|d 2016
|w (DE-627)1912559269
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Stewart, Connor J.
|t He's Got Friends in Online Places: The Presence of Social Media in Radicalization
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Arizona State University, 2019
|w (DE-627)191257277X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Smith, Allison G.
|t How Radicalization to Terrorism Occurs in the United States: What Research Sponsored by the National Institute of Justice Tells Us
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : National Institute of Justice, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912578050
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Grace, Emma
|t Lex talionis in the twenty-first century: Revenge ideation and terrorism
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)191260888X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t The link between prior criminal record and violent political extremism in the United States
|d Springer, 2020
|w (DE-627)191261006X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t The Mobilization Puzzle: How Individual, Group, and Situational Dynamics Produce Extremist Outcomes
|d National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, 2023
|w (DE-627)1912623625
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Meisel, Collin J.
|t The Non-Effect of Radicalization Duration on the Propensity for Violent Extremism in the United States
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Georgetown University, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912637146
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Freilich, Joshua D.
|t Patterns of fatal extreme-right crime in the United States
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)191264701X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Shands, Gwendolyn M.
|t Predictors of Lone Wolf Terrorism
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2020
|w (DE-627)1912659204
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a LaFree, Gary, 1951 -
|t Prison and violent political extremism in the United States
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)1912663279
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States: Preliminary Findings
|d National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, 2015
|w (DE-627)1912666405
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a LaMontagne, Tamara
|t Psychosocial Differences in Far Right, Far Left, Islamic, and Single Issue Lone Extremists
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Walden University, 2019
|w (DE-627)1912669684
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jasko, Katarzyna
|t Quest for significance and violent extremism: The case of domestic radicalization
|d 2017
|w (DE-627)191267209X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Carson, Jennifer
|t The radicalization of the Kanes: Family as a primary group influence?
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)191267677X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jensen, Michael
|t Radicalization to violence: A pathway approach to studying extremism
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912676796
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Varaine, Simon
|t Revisiting the economics and terrorism nexus: Collective deprivation, ideology and domestic radicalization in the US (1948-2016)
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)1912689812
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Mills, Colleen E.
|t Social learning and social control in the off- and online pathways to hate crime and terrorist violence
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912706717
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Al-Zewairi, Malek
|t Spotting the Islamist radical within: Religious extremists profiling in the United States
|d 2017
|w (DE-627)1912710005
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Safer-Lichtenstein, Aaron
|t Studying terrorism empirically: What we know about what we don't know
|d 2017
|w (DE-627)1912715554
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Gill, Paul
|t Systematic Review of Mental Health Problems and Violent Extremism
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1747152897
|
| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Houser, Tyler E.
|t Theoretical Applications of Social Bond, Social Learning, and General Strain Theory on Terrorism Outcomes
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Radford University, 2021
|w (DE-627)1912723751
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Braun, Clara L.
|t Today's Students, Tomorrow's Terrorists: An Examination of Education and Criminal Participation
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Nebraska, 2019
|w (DE-627)1912725770
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
|t Understanding violent extremism
|d National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912734540
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Light, Michael T.
|t Undocumented immigration and terrorism: Is there a connection?
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1912734575
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Hayes, Christopher Wayne
|t Violent Extremism in America, Assessing the Connections Between Far-Right Leaders and Followers
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Saint Leo University, 2023
|w (DE-627)191274452X
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| 787 |
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8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Sawyer, John
|t What makes them do it? Individual-level indicators of extremist outcomes
|d John Wiley and Sons, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912747774
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