RT Article T1 Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), knowledge provision and criminal justice reform in Latin America: The case of INECIP JF Theoretical criminology VO 29 IS 3 SP 288 OP 304 A1 Sozzo, Máximo LA English YR 2025 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1933281626 AB This paper explores the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in criminal justice reform in Latin America, often described, in a relatively simplistic way, as the shift from an ‘inquisitorial model’ to an ‘adversarial model’. Such shift is one of the most drastic changes that the penal field has undergone in the region in the past four decades. This transformation has NGOs among its crucial actors, with a strong level of influence as knowledge providers. Here, I seek to explore this role through a case study of the Instituto de Estudios Comparados en Ciencias Penales y Sociales (INECIP) founded in 1989 in Argentina. It is the only NGO specialised in this area that has had a truly regional scope, and has been working incessantly in diverse jurisdictions for 35 years. The paper anatomises the INECIP’s various forms of intervention, which have accumulated different types of knowledge over time, and describes the identities of its members as ‘experts’, ‘activists’ and ‘players’. K1 Latin America K1 NGO K1 Knowledge K1 Reform K1 Criminal Justice DO 10.1177/13624806251346164