RT Article
T1 Advancing the Trifecta: An Integrated Theoretical Framework for Understanding Violence
JF Victims & offenders
VO 20
IS 5/6
SP 814
OP 840
A1 Brightman, Sara
A1 Lenning, Emily
A2 Lenning, Emily
LA English
YR 2025
UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1932757147
AB The Trifecta of Violence — a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between violent ideology/rhetoric, violent laws/policies, and violent actions perpetrated by individuals and the state, was introduced by Lenning, Brightman and Buist in 2021. Since that time, scholars from a variety of disciplines (e.g., criminology, social work, health care, public health) have found the Trifecta to be a useful lens through which to analyze a range of issues and there have been at least three criminological studies that either strengthened our understanding of one component of the Trifecta or highlighted the relationship between all three components. Given this recent attention, and the Trifecta’s potential for explaining violence and resulting social harms, the purpose of this article is to unpack each of the Trifecta’s components in more depth, to consider the strengths and weaknesses of the framework as a whole, and to offer some ideas for how scholars, particularly criminologists, can bolster our understanding of the Trifecta through further research.
K1 Harm
K1 Law
K1 Policy
K1 Ideology
K1 Violence
DO 10.1080/15564886.2025.2488003