RT Article T1 Aggression-victimization in middle-low income students in Turkey: empathy level, gender, and grade level differences JF Violence and victims VO 39 IS 4 SP 458 OP 474 A1 Gürsoy, Figen A1 Aral, Neriman A1 Öz, Sena A1 Aysu, Burçin A1 García, Trinidad A2 Aral, Neriman A2 Öz, Sena A2 Aysu, Burçin A2 García, Trinidad LA English YR 2024 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1931195811 AB This article aimed to analyze aggression-victimization differentiation in middle-school students by empathy level, gender, and grade level. A total of 260 students living in a middle-low-socioeconomic region of Ankara, Turkey, participated in the study (mean age = 12.89, standard deviation = 0.96). Results indicated that the students were more likely to be victims of violent behaviors rather than being aggressors. We found a high probability that victims could become aggressors or vice versa. There were no significant differences between empathy and victimization-aggression. Besides, the results revealed that boys were more prone to being victims and aggressors, especially concerning physical-verbal aggression and harming properties. However, girls were more likely to be victims of isolation and—to a lesser extent—verbal aggression. We discussed these results in light of literature. NO Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 471-474 K1 Aggression K1 Bullying K1 school violence and bullying K1 Victimization DO 10.1891/VV-2021-0014