RT Article T1 Double-Edged Sword? The Impact of Online Misogyny on Female College Students’ Digital Activism in the Post-COVID-19 Era JF Violence against women VO 31 IS 9 SP 2397 OP 2412 A1 Jo, Jung In A1 Choi, Hyun Jin A1 Shin, Ha Young A2 Choi, Hyun Jin A2 Shin, Ha Young LA English YR 2025 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/192805286X AB Using original surveys to investigate how online gender-based harassment marginalizes or empowers female college students, we found increased exposure to misogyny polarizes digital participation. Women aware of gender inequality in Korea encountering online hate speech were more inclined to engage in online movements, unlike women who did not recognize such inequality. This highlights distinct opportunities in relation to digital activism, showing online hate speech can sometimes be a catalyst for online political participation. This study expands current research on digital protest, highlighting the political ramifications of empowering women in the critical context of their unequal democratic rights outside the West. K1 South Korea K1 women empowerment K1 Feminism K1 digital activism K1 Covid-19 Pandemic K1 online misogyny DO 10.1177/10778012241254858