RT Article T1 The criminalization of the trade in wildlife JF Organized crime in the 21st century SP 155 OP 169 A1 Uhm, Daan P. van LA English YR 2023 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1925525325 AB In the twentieth century, the damage from unregulated trade in wildlife became transparent as many species became extinct or were on the brink of extinction. Consequently, various moral entrepreneurs emerged to underline the need for regulation. The effect of these initiatives to protect endangered species was divergent. On the one hand, protecting species was regularly faced with the economic and personal interests of powerful stakeholders stagnating any conservation initiatives. On the other hand, European imperialists enhanced the exclusion of local people in order to protect nature reserves and their species. In the late 1900s, public concern increased and international agreements were signed at the initiative of Western countries. The criminalization of the trade in wildlife in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries will be discussed in this chapter to understand the social construction of wildlife trade as a serious crime, being controlled by organized crime networks. NO Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 166-169 SN 9783031215759 K1 Wildlife K1 Criminalization K1 Social Construction K1 Organized Crime