A judge must not be influenced by fear. Must a judge be brave? : The duty of judges to defend judicial independence and the rule of law
It is not acceptable that a judge because of ‘fear’ hands down a wrongful judgment. This was mentioned already by Isidore of Seville in his Sententiae and is part of the oaths of judges in many jurisdictions, from the 1230s onwards until this day. The ‘fear’ that is relevant could relate to one of t...
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| Tipo de documento: | Electrónico Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| En: |
Oñati Socio-Legal Series
Año: 2025, Volumen: 15, Número: 2, Páginas: 648-661 |
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| 520 | |a It is not acceptable that a judge because of ‘fear’ hands down a wrongful judgment. This was mentioned already by Isidore of Seville in his Sententiae and is part of the oaths of judges in many jurisdictions, from the 1230s onwards until this day. The ‘fear’ that is relevant could relate to one of the parties but also other persons in power. Thus, it relates not only to impartiality but - above all - to independence. Fear is often paired with favour, meaning that a judge should not try to please those in power through his judgments. In this paper I discuss whether the obligation of the judge not to be influenced by fear is only to be understood in the negative sense, or also in the positive - that is, does a judge have to be brave and, for example, oppose actions by persons in power that aim at undermining independence and impartiality? In other words, what are the ethical requirements when a judge perceives a risk that only avoiding being influenced by fear in individual cases will not be enough to protect independence and impartiality for the future? | ||
| 520 | |a No es aceptable que un juez dicte una sentencia errónea por “miedo”. Esto ya lo mencionaba Isidoro de Sevilla en sus Sententiae y forma parte de los juramentos de los jueces en muchas jurisdicciones, desde la década de 1230 hasta nuestros días. El “temor” pertinente puede referirse a una de las partes, pero también a otras personas en el poder. Por lo tanto, no sólo se refiere a la imparcialidad, sino, sobre todo, a la independencia. El temor suele ir acompañado de favor, lo que significa que un juez no debe tratar de complacer a los poderosos con sus sentencias. En este artículo discuto si la obligación del juez de no dejarse influir por el miedo debe entenderse sólo en sentido negativo o también en sentido positivo, es decir, ¿tiene que ser valiente y, por ejemplo, oponerse a las acciones de las personas en el poder que pretenden socavar la independencia y la imparcialidad? En otras palabras, ¿cuáles son los requisitos éticos cuando un juez percibe el riesgo de que sólo evitar dejarse influir por el miedo en casos individuales no sea suficiente para proteger la independencia y la imparcialidad en el futuro? | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Fear | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Impartiality | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Independence | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Judges | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Miedo | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Valor | |
| 650 | 4 | |a jueces | |
| 650 | 4 | |a imparcialidad | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Independencia | |
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