RT Article T1 Racial threat, urban conditions and police use of force: assessing the direct and indirect linkages across multiple urban areas JF Justice research and policy VO 7 IS 1 SP 54 OP 79 A1 Parker, Karen F. A2 Alpert, Geoffrey P. 1948- A2 Jennings, Wesley G. A2 MacDonald, John M. LA English YR 2005 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1912676672 DO 10.3818/JRP.7.1.2005.53