Target Hardening and Non-State Armed Groups’ Target Selection: Evidence from India

This study explores the variation in the non-state armed group (NSAGs)'s behavior concerning target selection. Scholars of transnational terrorism have investigated transnational NSAGs' target selection. However, we are still missing out on the most common form of terrorism, terrorism perp...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Onder, Ilayda B. (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
Published: 2024
In: Terrorism and political violence
Year: 2024, Volume: 36, Issue: 8, Pages: 1105–1126
Online Access: Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
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520 |a This study explores the variation in the non-state armed group (NSAGs)'s behavior concerning target selection. Scholars of transnational terrorism have investigated transnational NSAGs' target selection. However, we are still missing out on the most common form of terrorism, terrorism perpetrated by domestic NSAGs involved in civil conflicts. This paper’s novel contribution is to the understanding of domestic NSAGs’ strategic logic. I argue that hardening makes soft targets, including civilians, attractive targets when hard targets are no longer attractive. NSAGs tactically adapt to hardening by switching to soft targets or by displacing attacks to adjacent locations within their home country. The empirical results from data on relevant state-group dyads in India between 2004–2016 show that domestic NSAGs (1) switch to soft targets when faced with hardening, (2) less frequently target soft targets when more of their attacks against hard targets have been logistically successful, and (3) commit more attacks in their primary area of operation when more of their attacks in that location have been logistically successful. These findings emphasize a variety of ways through which domestic NSAGs adapt their tactics and underscore potential costs for target hardening. 
650 4 |a Domestic terrorism 
650 4 |a targeting of civilians 
650 4 |a terrorism in civil conflicts 
650 4 |a non-state armed groups 
650 4 |a target selection 
650 4 |a Hardening 
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