RT Article T1 Four Typologies of Leadership Applied to a Survey of the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin in the Troubles JF Terrorism and political violence VO 36 IS 2 SP 198 OP 213 A1 Flavin, Michael LA English YR 2024 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1882928776 AB This paper surveys leadership in the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin in The Troubles (1968–1998), using four typologies to frame its analysis: position-based leadership; person-based leadership; results-based leadership; and process-based leadership. The paper considers the question—Are the four typologies a useful way of analysing leadership within the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin in The Troubles? The paper examines milestone points in The Troubles, including the formation and coming to prominence of Provisional IRA; the conflict in the prison system culminating in the hunger strikes of the early 1980s; the growth of the political party Sinn Féin; and the peace talks which brought about the end of The Troubles. The paper argues that, over time, the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin shifted towards process-based leadership as they moved from an armed struggle to political engagement. Position-based and person-based leadership were also evident as key figures switched towards electoral participation. Political engagement also served results-based leadership, given Sinn Féin’s electoral presence and influence in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. K1 Peace Process K1 Leadership K1 Sinn Féin K1 Provisional IRA K1 The Troubles DO 10.1080/09546553.2022.2130057