RT Article T1 Why is corruption in Poland "a serious cause for concern''? JF Crime, law and social change VO 41 IS 2 SP 107 OP 132 A1 McManus-Czubińska, Clare A2 Miller, William Lockley 1943- A2 Markowski, Radosław 1957- A2 Wasilewski, Jacek 1950- LA English YR 2004 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1882584856 AB Public perceptions of corruption are significant for their political consequences. But they are conceptually and empirically distinct from corruption. First, because perceptions of corruption run far ahead of experience. Second, because different factors influence the one more than the other - indeed poverty and low education increase perceptions of corruption while decreasing participation in it. Third, because the political consequences of corruption and corruption-perceptions differ not only in degree but in their targets - perceptions and experiences of corruption erode trust in different politicians and institutions.External moralising from institutions such as the EU may reduce corruption in Accession States while simultaneously increasing perceptions of it. And within these states, that moralising `culture which can resist corruption' which the EU demands, itself tends, perversely, to increase (not decrease) perceptions, suspicions, and allegations of corruption. NO Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 131-132 K1 Education Increase K1 Increase Perception K1 International Relation K1 Political Consequence K1 Public Perception DO 10.1023/B:CRIS.0000016222.40146.4e