Migrant smuggling and the violence question: evolving illicit migration markets for Cuban and Haitian refugees

Comparing Cuban and Haitian migrant smuggling schemes, this article explores the relationship between violence and the social organization of migrant smuggling, including the smuggling of refugees. Levels of violence, political repression, and ethnic persecution in sending states provide an importan...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Kyle, David 1960- (Author) ; Scarcelli, Marc (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
Published: 2009
In: Crime, law and social change
Year: 2009, Volume: 52, Issue: 3, Pages: 297-311
Online Access: Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
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Keywords:
Coast Guard
Human Trafficking
Illicit Market
Safe House
Violent Victimization
Description
Summary:Comparing Cuban and Haitian migrant smuggling schemes, this article explores the relationship between violence and the social organization of migrant smuggling, including the smuggling of refugees. Levels of violence, political repression, and ethnic persecution in sending states provide an important context for understanding the origins and organization of this illicit market. Examining the violent threats and acts directed at migrants en route, we argue that violence is not a necessary part of the illicit market for unauthorized migration, attenuated by the social networks, cultural norms, and contractual relationships in which it is embedded.
Item Description:Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 310-311
ISSN:1573-0751
DOI:10.1007/s10611-009-9196-y