RT Article T1 The Effect of the Brexit Vote on the Variation in Race and Religious Hate Crimes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland JF The British journal of criminology VO 63 IS 4 SP 1003 OP 1023 A1 Williams, Matthew A1 Sutherland, Andrew A1 Roy-Chowdhury, Vivek A1 Loke, Thomas A1 Cullen, Alison A1 Sloan, Luke A1 Burnap, Pete A1 Giannasi, Paul A2 Sutherland, Andrew A2 Roy-Chowdhury, Vivek A2 Loke, Thomas A2 Cullen, Alison A2 Sloan, Luke A2 Burnap, Pete A2 Giannasi, Paul LA English YR 2023 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1868997863 AB This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-remain areas saw greater increases hate crimes; (3) it assesses the role of demographic characterises on the variation in hate crime; (4) it compares the effect of the vote with other ‘trigger events’; and (5) it uses social media data to control for variation in hate crime victim and witness reporting. NO Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 1022-1023 K1 Hate crime K1 Brexit K1 Race K1 Religion K1 European Union DO 10.1093/bjc/azac071