APA (7th ed.) Citation

Boers, K., Kaiser, F., Schaerff, M., & Wikström, P. H. (2023). The Short-Term Impact of Formal Controls on Subsequent Offending and Future Formal Controls in a German and UK City. Journal of developmental and life-course criminology, 9(3), 433-454. doi:10.1007/s40865-023-00233-2

Chicago Style (17th ed.) Citation

Boers, Klaus, Florian Kaiser, Marcus Schaerff, and Per-Olof H. Wikström. "The Short-Term Impact of Formal Controls on Subsequent Offending and Future Formal Controls in a German and UK City." Journal of Developmental and Life-course Criminology 9, no. 3 (2023): 433-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-023-00233-2.

MLA (8th ed.) Citation

Boers, Klaus, et al. "The Short-Term Impact of Formal Controls on Subsequent Offending and Future Formal Controls in a German and UK City." Journal of Developmental and Life-course Criminology, vol. 9, no. 3, 2023, pp. 433-454, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-023-00233-2.