RT Article T1 Negotiating penal hybridity: Time–space boundary-work in parole decision making JF Theoretical criminology VO 27 IS 2 SP 204 OP 223 A1 Dagan, Netanel LA English YR 2023 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1842985744 AB Drawn on qualitative findings from discretionary chairpersons of parole boards in Israel, the study aims to theorize parole decision making as time–space boundary-work. Parole decision-makers were found to act within a hybrid professional environment that requires them to process distinct, and possibly conflicting, penal values, competencies and orientations. In order to address their professional tensions, parole decision-makers constantly negotiate their time and space, and thereby their professional identity. First, the parole decision-makers perform temporal boundary-work—conceptualizing their work and identity through qualitative-expansive time. Second, they perform spatial boundary-work—conceptualizing their work and identity through either (a) judicial space or (b) therapeutic space. This time–space work is used both to span and demarcate their boundaries in relation to other penal actors and to increase their visibility and legitimacy. K1 time–space work K1 Professional Identity K1 Parole K1 Decision Making K1 Boundary-work K1 boundary-spanning K1 boundary-making DO 10.1177/13624806221093088