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|a 10.3886/ICPSR35158.v2
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|a Law Enforcement Agency Identifiers Crosswalk, United States, 2012
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|a Criminal justice research may require merging disparate data sources that have no common match keys. The Law Enforcement Agency Identifiers Crosswalk (LEAIC) file facilitates linking reported crime data with socio-economic data. It does this by having a record for each law enforcement agency, law enforcement reporting entity, and access identifier for the National Crime Information Center (NCIC). Essentially, if an entity (law enforcement agency or section of a law enforcement agency) is capable of reporting crime information, it is included in the file. The LEAIC records contain common match keys for merging reported crime data and Census Bureau data. These linkage variables include the Originating Agency Identifier (ORI) code, Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) state, county and place codes, and Governments Integrated Directory government identifier codes.
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|a Wentzlof, Chloe A.
|t Advancing the Understanding of Police Crime from a Structural Perspective: An Analysis of American Counties
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Bowling Green State University, 2024
|w (DE-627)1912451611
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Finch, Brian K.
|t Assessing data completeness, quality, and representativeness of justifiable homicides in the FBI's Supplementary Homicide Reports: A research note
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)191246148X
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8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a McCamman, Michael
|t Beyond Bad Apples: Contextual and Structural Sources of Biased Police Behavior
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Arizona, 2021
|w (DE-627)1912467488
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Campbell, Travis
|t Black Lives Matter's effect on police lethal use of force
|d 2024
|w (DE-627)1912468670
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Campbell, Travis
|t Black Lives Matter's Effect on Police Lethal Use-of-Force
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2021
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|a Dinsmore, Ellen
|t Blurring the Thin Blue Line: The Rise of the Military Model in U.S. Policing
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Wisconsin, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912469162
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|a Johnson, Thaddeus
|t Collective bargaining, police pay, and racial differences in police lethality rates
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|w (DE-627)1912482932
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|a Stanford, Garrett O.
|t The Complexities of Public Goods for a Diverse Public: Evidence from Gun Laws, Climate Policy, and Police Transparency
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Oregon, 2023
|w (DE-627)1912488299
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Lawshe, Nathaniel
|t A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding the Contextual, Structural and Cultural Predictors of Police Officers' Perceptions of Organizational Justice
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Northeastern University, 2024
|w (DE-627)1912488515
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|a AbiNader, Millan A.
|t Correlates of intimate partner homicide in the rural United States: Findings from a national sample of rural counties, 2009-2016
|d 2020
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|t Crime and inequality in academic achievement across school districts in the United States
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912496577
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Baumgart, Zach
|t Crime, Arrests, Legitimacy or Race? Militarization of American Police From 1990 to 2007
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2016
|w (DE-627)1912497298
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| 787 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Marek, Heather E.
|t Criminalizing Our Way to Racial Equality? An Empirical Look at Hate Regulation
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Oregon, 2018
|w (DE-627)191250085X
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| 787 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Hao, Zhuang
|t The Cross-Border Spillover Effects of Recreational Marijuana Legalization
|d National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912503069
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| 787 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Gaston, Shytierra
|t Does racial congruence between police agencies and communities reduce racialized police killings of civilians?
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1912519259
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Miller, Joel
|t Do police body-worn cameras reduce citizen fatalities? Results of a country-wide natural experiment
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1912521075
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Kaplan, Jacob
|t The Effect of Lighting and Building Security on Crime
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Pennsylvania, 2020
|w (DE-627)1912528967
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Douglas, Stephen
|t The effects of body-worn cameras on violent police victimization
|d 2020
|w (DE-627)1912530457
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|a Alda, Erik
|t The effects of differential timing in the adoption of BWCs on civilian complaints
|d 2023
|w (DE-627)1912530929
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Moore, Ravaris
|t The Effects of Exposure to Community Gun-Violence on the High School Dropout Rates of California Public School Students
|d California Center for Population Research, 2018
|w (DE-627)191253116X
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Moore, Ravaris
|t The Effects of Exposure to Community Gun-Violence on the High School Dropout Rates of California Public School Students
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912531178
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Donnelly, Ellen A.
|t Emerging disparities in the placement of law enforcement-based treatment referral and recovery programs
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912534851
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Guha, Induleka
|t Empirical Essays on Bias-Motivated Behaviour
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Purdue University, 2023
|w (DE-627)1912535270
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Holder, Eaven
|t Essays on the Measurement, Reporting, and Classification of Hate Crime in the United States
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Florida, 2023
|w (DE-627)1912539829
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| 787 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Griswold, Max
|t An Evaluation of Crime-Free Housing Policies
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : RAND Corporation, 2023
|w (DE-627)1912542862
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Harp, Ryan D.
|t Examining Linkages Between Climate and Human Health: Violent Crime and Malaria
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Colorado, 2020
|w (DE-627)1912546884
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Sheppard, Keller
|t Examining the relevance of contextual gun ownership on fatal police shootings
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)191254766X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Johnson, Thaddeus
|t Facial recognition systems in policing and racial disparities in arrests
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912553708
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Hou, Yuchen
|t Fatal and Non-Fatal Police Shootings in the United States, 2015: An Examination of Open-Source Data
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : City University of New York, 2022
|w (DE-627)1912556103
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Baumgart, Zach
|t From Copper to Steel: Police Militarization at the End of the 20th Century
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Wisconsin, 2016
|w (DE-627)1912562693
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Simon, Andrew R.
|t The General Equilibrium Incidence of Local Economics Policies
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Michigan, 2021
|w (DE-627)1912566931
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Johnson, David B., 1983 -
|t Gun Dealer Density and Its Effect on Homicide
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2021
|w (DE-627)1912569795
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Kukharskyy, Bohdan
|t Gun Violence in the U.S.: Correlates and Causes
|d University of Tübingen, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912570203
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Petach, Luke
|t Hate crime and human capital
|d 2024
|w (DE-627)1912570874
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Lantz, Brendan
|t Historical markers or markers of white supremacy? Confederate memorialization, racial threat, and hate crime
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912574233
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Harp, Ryan D.
|t The influence of interannual climate variability on regional violent crime rates in the United States
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)1912590840
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Fridel, Emma E.
|t Integrating the literature on police use of deadly force and police lethal victimization: How does place impact fatal police-citizen encounters?
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)1912593815
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a AbiNader, Millan A.
|t Intimate Partner Homicide in Rural Areas: An Exploration in Three Parts
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Boston University, 2019
|w (DE-627)1912596261
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Ranson, J.W.A.
|t Jurisdictional context and the (over)use of pretrial detention
|d 2023
|w (DE-627)1912601818
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Johnson, Thaddeus
|t Law enforcement agencies' college education hiring requirements and racial differences in police-related fatalities
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912606534
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Pryor, Cori
|t Living in Occupied Territory: A Study of Militarization and Use of Force
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Bowling Green State University, 2020
|w (DE-627)1912610663
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Ouellette, Heather M.
|t Local Incarceration as Social Control: A National Analysis of Social, Economic, and Political Determinants of Jail Use in the United States
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of South Carolina, 2018
|w (DE-627)1912610914
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| 787 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Kros, Mathijs
|t Longitudinal changes in interracial hate crimes in the USA, 1990-2014: Does racial composition matter?
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912612062
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Rubenstein, Batya Y.
|t Measuring Racial Animus and Its Consequences: Incorporating Big Data Into Criminology
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Cincinnati, 2022
|w (DE-627)191261930X
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Mello, Steven
|t More COPS, Less Crime
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Princeton University Industrial Relations Section, 2017
|w (DE-627)1912626004
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Fry, Sarah V.
|t Patterns of Force: A Comparison of Data Sources on Officer-Involved Homicide Rates
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Pennsylvania State University, 2024
|w (DE-627)1912647028
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Stanford, Garrett O.
|t Police are Less Likely to Respond to Requests for Help from Minorities: Field Experiment Evidence of Police Discrimination
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2022
|w (DE-627)1912651696
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Nowacki, Jeffrey S.
|t Police discretion, organizational characteristics, and traffic stops: An analysis of racial disparity in illinois
|d 2019
|w (DE-627)1789069106
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Embrey, Jennifer
|t Police Innovators, Thought Leaders, and Role Models: An Examination of the Impacts of Organizational Characteristics and Environmental Factors on Early Body-Worn Camera Adoption
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : George Mason University, 2022
|w (DE-627)1912652579
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a O'Guinn, Bradley J.
|t Police training and accountability: A remedy or an impediment for reducing unarmed police shootings?
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912653885
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Garner, Joel H.
|t Progress toward national estimates of police use of force
|d 2018
|w (DE-627)1912666766
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Simon, Andrew
|t Public good spillovers and fiscal centralization: Evidence from community college expansions
|d National Tax Association, 2020
|w (DE-627)1912670070
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Sun, Diana
|t Racial Invariance or Asian Advantage: Comparing the Macro-Level Predictors of Violence Across Asian, White, and Black Populations
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1799616673
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Koslicki, Wendy M.
|t 'Rhetoric without reality' or effective policing strategy? An analysis of the relationship between community policing and police fatal force
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1912690284
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jones, Todd E., 1962 -
|t School and Crime
|d 2023
|w (DE-627)191269543X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Jones, Todd E., 1962 -
|t School and Crime
|d 2023
|w (DE-627)1912695448
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Stovall, Joshua R.
|t Surveillance of, and the Impact of Community Policing on Arrest-Related Deaths (ARDS): Exploring the Surveillance of ARDS and the Opportunities to Prevent Them in the United States
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Washington, 2016
|w (DE-627)1912719126
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a DeLang, Mason
|t Tackling UCR's missing data problem: A multiple imputation approach
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912720574
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Preito-Hodge, Kayla
|t A tale of force: Examining policy proposals to address police violence
|d 2021
|w (DE-627)1912720957
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Sorensen, Lucy
|t The Thin Blue Line in Schools: New Evidence on School-Based Policing Across the U.S
|d Annenberg Institute at Brown University, 2021
|w (DE-627)1912723999
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Roesti, Matthias
|t 'This is My Rifle' - On US Police Militarisation and Crime
|d University of St. Gallen, 2020
|w (DE-627)1912724189
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Niedermayerova, Petra
|t Three Essays on the Effects of Regulation on Crime and Social Norms
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Boston University, 2020
|w (DE-627)191272457X
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Chen, Luyang
|t Three Essays on Institutions and Equality
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : University of Bristol, 2024
|w (DE-627)1912724685
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| 787 |
0 |
8 |
|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Chillar, Vijay F.
|t To Serve and Protect, But Who? How the Organizational Structure of Law Enforcement in America Shapes the Safety of the Police and the Public
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : State University of New Jersey, 2022
|w (DE-627)1912726130
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Rackstraw, Emma
|t When Reality TV Creates Reality: How 'Copaganda' Affects Police, Communities, and Viewers
|d [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 2023
|w (DE-627)1912748711
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| 787 |
0 |
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|i Forschungsdaten zu
|a Donohue, John J.
|t Why Does Right-to-Carry Cause Violent Crime to Increase?
|d 2022
|w (DE-627)1912750368
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