RT Article T1 Does Education Affect Environmental Crime? A Dynamic Panel Data Approach at Provincial Level in Italy JF International criminal justice review VO 33 IS 2 SP 129 OP 146 A1 Castaldo, Angelo A2 Germani, Anna Rita A2 Pergolizzi, Antonio LA English YR 2023 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1839407786 AB This article investigates the role of education on environmental crime in Italy using a panel of 110 Italian provinces over the period 2010–2015. We employ a system-GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) dynamic panel data approach to tackle the endogeneity that might arise in the estimations from the environmental crime dynamic path and to consider time-invariant effects on provinces. Our empirical results, even after controlling for socioeconomic and judicial efficiency characteristics, support the existence of a U-inverted relationship between education and environmental crime, which depicts an unconventional finding: At the margin, a higher level of education endowment offsets the propensity to commit environmental crimes, which are confirmed to be white-collar type of crimes. The results are robust to model specifications and endogeneity. Furthermore, to check the robustness of nonmonotonicity in the relationship between environmental crime and education and to control for unobserved provincial heterogeneity, we also exploit a semiparametric fixed effects model. There is wide room for efficiency gains that could arise from policy interventions aiming to put environmental crimes into perspective. K1 Italy K1 semiparametric fixed effects model K1 system-GMM K1 Education K1 environmental crime DO 10.1177/10575677211020812