RT Article T1 Offence characteristics: a comparison of lone, duo, and 3+ perpetrator robbery offences JF Psychology, crime & law VO 27 IS 2 SP 122 OP 139 A1 Wüllenweber, Sarah A2 Burrell, Amy LA English YR 2021 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1766515363 AB The current study investigated characteristics of robbery offences with a focus on lone versus multiple perpetrator crimes. The main aim was to outline differences between lone, duo, and 3+ perpetrator crimes. Police recorded crime data from West Midlands Police relating to 1574 personal robberies (including attempts) committed in Birmingham city centre (UK) were used in the analysis. Robbery offences were compared on victim and offender demographics and offence characteristics. The findings showed significant differences between the three group sizes (lone, duo, 3+ offenders) in victim and offender age; approach styles; victim control variables; weapon use; alcohol and violence; injuries; and carjacking. The findings of the current research can feed into developing policing strategies which take into account differences in group size. K1 Robbery K1 duo offences K1 group offending K1 lone offender K1 offence characteristics DO 10.1080/1068316X.2020.1780589