RT Article
T1 Pre-emptive Strike: How Australia is Tackling Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs
JF American journal of criminal justice
VO 36
IS 3
SP 250
OP 264
A1 Ayling, Julie
LA English
YR 2011
UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1764275276
AB In the past three years, new laws have been introduced in four Australian states designed to prevent criminal conspiracies by outlaw motorcycle gang (OMG) members and to disrupt the criminal activities of these gangs. The Australian laws push the boundaries previously set in similar laws in other jurisdictions, in that controls can be imposed because of membership of an organization perceived as a threat by the state. The laws constitute a pre-emptive strike against OMGs. However, there are very real issues about their likely effectiveness, given research suggesting that the primary structures targeted in this legislation, the clubs, are not necessarily the ones that OMG members use to conduct their criminal business. This article explores these issues, and suggests that the reaction of OMGs to this legislation may provide important information about OMG adaptiveness and resilience.
K1 Australian bikie laws
K1 Effectiveness
K1 Criminal structures
K1 State responses
K1 Outlaw motorcycle gangs
DO 10.1007/s12103-011-9105-7