RT Article T1 The Legal and Illegal Use of Force by Prison Officers in Ukraine JF The prison journal VO 99 IS 1 SP 89 OP 111 A1 Symkovych, Anton LA English YR 2019 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1743005261 AB Although prison order rarely rests on naked force, its availability defines a prison. A penological truism holds that officers’ deployment of force signals a breakdown in order, not normality. However, is the truism universally valid? Adding evidence from a former Soviet bloc country, the study examines the place of force in officers’ daily work in a men’s medium-security prison in Ukraine. Drawing on a semiethnographic study, the findings show that even though availability of force was central to preventing escapes and securing prisoner compliance, its actual deployment was relatively rare. Officers’ consideration and actual use of both legal and illegal force depended on legal ramifications, the position of the superiors, and prisoner reaction. It also reflected their views on the adequacy of formal penal power and legitimacy of force for corrective purposes. K1 Correctional Officers K1 Force K1 Lethal force K1 Prison K1 Prison officers K1 Ukraine DO 10.1177/0032885518814728