RT Article
T1 Can police training reduce ethnic/racial disparities in stop and search?: Evidence from a multisite UK trial
JF Criminology & public policy
VO 19
IS 4
SP 1259
OP 1287
A1 Miller, Joel 1975-
A1 Alexandrou, Banos
A1 Packham, Daniel
A1 Quinton, Paul
A2 Alexandrou, Banos
A2 Packham, Daniel
A2 Quinton, Paul
LA English
YR 2020
UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1742771033
AB This study examines the effects of a 1-day pilot training program on ethnic/racial bias in police use of stop and search powers, using a randomized controlled trial in six diverse agencies in England. We theorized the training could reduce officer bias by improving their competence to apply legitimate criteria in search decisions, and/or by reducing their reliance on ethnic/racial stereotypes. Survey results showed the training improved officers’ knowledge of stop and search regulations, made them more selective in declared search intentions in hypothetical scenarios, and reduced their support for ethnic/racial stereotyping in policing. While it showed no effects on the ethnic/racial patterns of search intentions in survey scenarios, there was no survey evidence of bias against black people in the scenarios, even in the absence of training. Police search records revealed no clear training effects on recorded street-level behaviors, whether in relation to the frequency of searches, the strength of grounds for suspicion, or their ethnic/racial patterning. Policy implications A 1-day police training program to reduce ethnic/racial bias may change officers’ knowledge and attitudes but, on its own, may not be sufficient to impact their street-level behaviors. Training is probably most effective as part of a package of reforms, and particularly when it: involves sufficient “dosage”; addresses the mechanisms contributing to disparities beyond individual officer decisions; deploys active learning approaches; uses demonstration, modeling and feedback; and pays attention to participant engagement and reinforcement before and after the scheduled training.
K1 Ethnic/race disproportionality
K1 implicit bias
K1 Police
K1 Randomized trial
K1 Stop and search
K1 Training
DO 10.1111/1745-9133.12524