RT Article T1 Inclusionary control? Theorizing the effects of penal voluntary organizations' work JF Theoretical criminology VO 23 IS 1 SP 4 OP 24 A1 Tomczak, Philippa A2 Thompson, David 1985- LA English YR 2019 UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1679486101 AB Recent penal policy developments in many jurisdictions suggest an increasing role for voluntary organizations. Voluntary organizations have long worked alongside penal institutions, but the multifaceted ways their programmes affect (ex-)offenders remain insufficiently understood. This article addresses the implications of voluntary organizations' work with (ex-)offenders, using original empirical data. It adds nuance to netwidening theory, reframing the effects of voluntary organizations' work as inclusionary and exclusionary. Exclusionary effects sometimes have inclusionary aspects, and inclusionary effects are constrained by a controlling carceral net. We propose the novel concept of inclusionary control. This is not an alibi for punishment but enables rich analysis of the effects of voluntary organizations' work, and raises possibilities for change in penal practice. K1 Netwidening K1 Punishment K1 Social exclusion K1 Social inclusion K1 Voluntary sector DO 10.1177/1362480617733724