RT Article
T1 Beyond Stafford and Warr's reconceptualization of deterrence: personal and vicarious experiences, impulsivitäy, and offending behavior
JF Journal of research in crime and delinquency
VO 39
IS 2
SP 153
OP 186
A1 Piquero, Alex R. 1970-
A2 Pogarsky, Greg
LA English
YR 2002
UL https://krimdok.uni-tuebingen.de/Record/1639657630
AB Recently, Stafford and Warr identified four categories of experiences hypothesized to underlie judgments about the risk of legal sanctions: personal punishment experience, personal punishment avoidance, vicarious punishment experience, and vicarious punishment avoidance. Using original data to test the Stafford and Warr model, five key findings emerge. First, both personal and vicarious avoidance experiences relate positively to offending. Second, punishment and avoidance experiences affect behavior by influencing sanction risk perceptions. Third, the combination of low personal and vicarious punishment avoidance strongly dissuades offending. Fourth, prior offending conditions the influence of punishment and avoidance experiences in a manner consistent with Stafford and Warr. Fifth, while impulsive individuals are influenced primarily by their own experiences, individuals who are not as impulsive tend to attend more to the experiences of others. Finally, punishment experiences appear to encourage rather than discourage future offending. We discuss how the self-serving bias and the gambler's fallacy help explain this latter, anomalous result
K1 Abschreckung
K1 Impulsivität
K1 Bestrafung
K1 Erfahrung
K1 Entdeckungsrisiko